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Fall 2015
Mar 28,2024
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Information Select the Course Number to get further detail on the course. Select the desired Schedule Type to find available classes for the course.

ENST 100 - INDEPENDENT STUDY: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Limited opportunities to enroll for course work on an Independent Study basis are available. A student interested in this option should obtain an Independent Study Registration Form from the Registrar, have it completed by the instructor and school dean involved, and return it to the Registrar's Office. Consult the current Schedule of Classes for policies concerning Independent Study.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Independent Study

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 198 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation describes a transfer course from another institution where an equivalency to a Ramapo College course has not been determined. Upon convener evaluation, this course ID may be changed to an equivalent of a Ramapo College course or may fulfill a requirement.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 199 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation is used to describe a transfer course from another institution which has been evaluated by the convener. A course with this course number has no equivalent Ramapo course. It may fulfill a requirement or may count as a free elective.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 200 - INDEPENDENT STUDY: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Limited opportunities to enroll for course work on an Independent Study basis are available. A student interested in this option should obtain an Independent Study Registration Form from the Registrar, have it completed by the instructor and school dean involved, and return it to the Registrar's Office. Consult the current Schedule of Classes for policies concerning Independent Study.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Independent Study

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 207 - PUBLIC POLICY
A systematic approach to the political processes and institutions which shape public policy in the U.S. Case studies focus on current policy determination, economic and fiscal affairs, and environmental regulation. A discussion of conflict resolution methods leads to a study of international environmental diplomacy.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
MJ-AMER-Amer Politics & Soc., MJ-AMER-Amer Politics, OLD GE TOPICS SOCIAL SCIENCE, SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 209 - WORLD SUSTAINABILITY
"World Sustainability examines three interacting destructive tendencies of the modern period, all exacerbated by exponential population growth and rampant over consumption: the catastrophic degradation and contamination of our planet home (i.e., the ecological crisis), the extreme polarization between rich and poor (i.e., the economic crisis), and the eclipse of community (i.e., the social crisis). The course explores the emerging global Civil Society that everywhere attempts to establish legitimate democratic discourse and accountability. The course moves beyond an understanding of the problems, offering a social ecological framework for damage repair and transition to a new sustainable world that will change the way students think about their lives and motivate them to become part of the solution." The course counts for the General Education International Studies requirement, and also either the SSHS requirement in Sustainability. Gateway core courses in Environmental Studies. For Environmental Studies majors, it is recommended that, prior to or concurrently with the core, you complete the three science foundations prerequisites to the program: biology, geology or geography and environmental science.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course
All Sections for this Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
OLD GE-INTERNATIONAL ISSUES, MJ-INTL-Global Issues Conc, SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 215 - ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
This course will examine the historical and geographical perspectives regarding man's role in changing the face of the Earth, from "prehistoric" times to the present. Global and multicultural traditions of resource use--of land, water, air, forests, grasslands, oceans, fuels, and minerals--from ancient times to the present will be examined, including diverse interpretations of human ecological impacts, from religious and cultural influences to economic and ecological perspectives.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability, TS-Sch Core- SCP Category

ENST 223 - ENERGY AND SOCIETY
An exploration of the conversion and use of energy, with particular emphasis on the nature of energy and energy systems, contemporary societies, the development of energy conversion technologies, and present and future energy sources. The course will explain the origin and dimensions of the global energy problem and identify how energy issues affect environmental quality, economic growth, and global politics. It is recommended that students have met minimum college mathematics requirements.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
TS-Sch Core- SCP Category

ENST 234 - NATURAL HISTORY AND APPLIED FIELD ECOLOGY
Natural History and Applied Field Ecology is designed to give students an introduction to field ecology from a perspective of natural history and applied ecology. Lectures, readings, class exercises and assignments provide an overview of ecological applications that are employed by practitioners and educators. Real-world examples that span a broad array of taxa (primarily plants and animals), ecosystems (terrestrial, aquatic, natural, anthropogenic), geographic regions and problems are presented throughout the course. Field excursions are designed to give students an introduction to ecological applications, methods and field observations, as well as to get students out in the field to see many of the ecological problems that are addressed in the lectures and readings. This course is a requirement for the Environmental Studies major, and serves as one of the choices that fulfill the sustainability core requirement for SSHS.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 298 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation describes a transfer course from another institution where an equivalency to a Ramapo College course has not been determined. Upon convener evaluation, this course ID may be changed to an equivalent of a Ramapo College course or may fulfill a requirement.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 299 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation is used to describe a transfer course from another institution which has been evaluated by the convener. A course with this course number has no equivalent Ramapo course. It may fulfill a requirement or may count as a free elective.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 300 - INDEPENDENT STUDIES: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Limited opportunities to enroll for course work on an Independent Study basis are available. A student interested in this option should obtain an Independent Study Registration Form from the Registrar, have it completed by the instructor and school dean involved, and return it to the Registrar's Office. Consult the current Schedule of Classes for policies concerning Independent Study.
0.000 TO 6.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 6.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Independent Study

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 305 - ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS AND ETHICS
Novel ethical demands are being created as our world is transformed by economic globalization. Through such practices as high input agriculture and dependence upon fossil fuels, this transformation has adversely affected both global ecology and human communities. To meet the resulting ethical demands, a new ecological economics is required, one that respects the scale and carrying capacity limits of the earth's ecosystems. This new economic paradigm avoids the confusion that has attended the concept of "sustainable development," which, in creating tension between the developed and less developed nations, has fostered a worldwide debate on the meaning and content of an ethics of sustainability. In contrast, ecological economics lay the foundation for a society and communities that are sustainable economically, environmentally, and socially.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability, TS-Sch Core- SCP Category, WRITING INTENSIVE

ENST 312 - ECOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
This course surveys diverse ways of living on the earth. Students will be introduced to the major patterns of human adaptation: foraging, pastoralist, and agriculturalist. These adaptations however, will be investigated in terms of the complex interactions of cultural values, social organizations, and varying definitions of resources. Starting with an examination of conceptualization of frameworks utilized in studies of human/environmental interactions: nature and its relationship to culture; patterns of production, reproduction, and consumption; the significance of beliefs and behaviors associated with religion and gender; local knowledge versus universal knowledge; and issues of development, progress, and power. This course will focus on regional case studies including: the impact and adaptation to industrial contamination of a local indigenous population, as well as the lasting influence of academic bias in respect to the native population; the regentrification of the rural community by suburban sprawl; and the emergence of an ethics of commodity with the 'malling of America'.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
OLD GE-INTERCULT NORTH AMERICA, SS-Sch Core-Sustainability, TS-Sch Core- SCP Category

ENST 313 - APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
This course uses the ideas of development, progress, modernity and sustainability to make a distinction between low, intermediate and high technology. Grounded in a history of the world, post-World War II, and the rise of modern technology, the course argues that good design is always contextually relevant. Appropriate technology emerges from this concern with context, and with local suitability. Participants will conceptualize, design and evaluate projects in the fields of alternative energy, agriculture and food production, tool use, and health, with particular emphasis on policy formation and on developing countries.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability, TS-Sch Core- SCP Category

ENST 314 - GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
This course teaches the basics of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in the context of designing a GIS system as well as completing a Map Info project. By the end of the class, students will have completed a small GIS project, designed and developed a digital spatial database, performed simple spatial analysis, created maps, and generated a report. GIS is a rapidly expanding field in both the private and public sectors; these basic technical skills will be valuable in the job market. The course is designed for students with little or no experience using GIS systems. It is assumed all have some general knowledge of computer operating systems. It will be taught in the Windows environment. Lab Fee.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 317 - ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND REGULATION
The course will begin with an overview of present environmental policies as expressed in State and Federal legislation and will proceed with an examination of both the process and substance of environmental policy. Topics will include: environmental policy formation and implementation; influences of public interest groups, industry, the courts, catastrophic events, media, and organized crime; issues concerning solid waste management, global climate impacts, and pending amendments to the Clean Air Act. Students will be expected to participate in information gathering through active research from legislative histories, agency backgrounds, and, where possible, attending public hearings.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
TS-Sch Core- SCP Category

ENST 320 - GEOGRAPHY OF THE AMERICAN WEST
A field-based exploration of the varied physical, cultural and regional landscapes of western North America. The focus includes scenic public lands, geologic features, American Indian cultures, urban landscapes, and resource extraction areas. The course is taken only by participants in the American West Summer program, a 5-6 week field trip offered by Ramapo College under the auspices of the Study Abroad program. Visits to a broad range of locations will be supplemented by lectures, discussions, and required readings about each of those places.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
MJ-Amer-Amer Regionalism, MJ-AMER-Amer. Regionalism, MJ-AMER-Advanced Cat Elective, OLD GE-INTERCULT NORTH AMERICA

ENST 326 - ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
An introduction to processes of legal reasoning and the structure and function of the legal system. The course examines the various ways in which the legal system has responded to problems of maintaining and improving environmental quality. The course is appropriate for those with a general interest in law, as well as for those concerned with environmental problems.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
MJ-LAWS-Law & Society Elective

ENST 331 - ENVIRONMENTAL INTERNSHIP
An internship with environmental organizations. Students will be required to work one day or two half-days a week in federal, state, or local government, environmental organizations, or industry. Recommended for Juniors in the environmental studies program. Open to students outside the school who have taken at least two environmental studies courses.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 335 - ECOLOGY, SOCIETY, AND THE SACRED
An examination of the social, ecological, and spiritual constructs that have emerged with the human species and their collective impact on the rest of the biotic community.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
OLD GE-INTERCULT NORTH AMERICA, SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 336 - GLOBAL ETHICS
This course examines the ethical challenges presented by globalization. It considers the impact on local culture and society worldwide arising from policies influenced by the interests and actions of nations, multinational corporations and global consulting firms and the resulting distortion of the global market. Significant consequences include challenges to open and democratic societies and the ways that technology, finance and information change the way we function on a global scale.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
OLD GE-INTERNATIONAL ISSUES, MJ-INTL-Global Issues Conc

ENST 338 - SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES
Modern development practices destroy the environment, diminish our quality of life, and rob the legacy that we leave to future generations. This macro-scale course addresses the need for planning and development alternatives that will allow us to reshape our communities so that they are sustainable--ecologically, socially, and economically. The course will draw upon successful models of sustainable technologies and community initiatives and the outcomes of the global discussion over how to achieve sustainable habitats. Learning will employ the College campus as a microcosm of society, field research in local communities, and visits to model settings. Recommended for Environmental majors and other students concerned with shaping a better future.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 339 - SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
The course will compare conventional agricultural systems with sustainable agriculture. The course will specifically study the field of agroecology which teaches agriculture from an ecological perspective. The course will review agricultural design on both a large scale and for the small homestead to reduce environmental impacts from agriculture. The horticultural industry, landscape practices, and habitat restoration will also be considered. A final project will produce a conceptual landscape plan for a home site. A section of the course will also have a practical component where students will be able to garden; producing a crop from conception to harvest.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 340 - GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
The focus of this course are the on-going negotiations for an international agreement on climate change. Students will be working with the primary documents from various Conference of Parties (COP) meetings and will be monitoring on-going climate issues. The first half of the course will examine how climate negotiations fit into the overall matrix of international agreements, governance, and existing global political realities. The second half of the course will explore four specific climate issues that are important for individual countries, regional groups, international civil society, and the business community.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 350 - NATIONAL PARKS & OUTDOOR RECREATION
This course is structured to help identify and address the challenges facing the US National Park System. We will study the historical, political and philosophical foundations facing the System in the new millennium. Guest speakers, management plans and field trips to local Park sites will also be utilized to bring current Park management issues into the classroom. This course will also focus on environmental, ecological and political decisions that impact both the State and National Systems by exploring the impact of prior decisions and how these decisions changed the way we view our park systems. In addition, we will explore the planning process and determine how and why those in charge of our parks make certain decisions.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 355 - ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
This course examines the intersection of environmental issues with public health issues, across a wide spectrum of topics. It includes an historical component, but is focused primarily on contemporary concerns, ranging from the health impacts of air pollutants and the setting of standard limits for human exposure, to issues regarding the health and safety issues of food additives and pesticides.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 358 - GEOGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICA
An overview of the regional, physical, and cultural geography of North America, from the Bering Straits to the Panama Canal. Maps, slides, films, novels, poems, historical documents, and other source materials enrich the exploration of this diverse continent and its peoples.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
MJ-Amer-Amer Regionalism, MJ-AMER-Amer. Regionalism, MJ-AMER-Advanced Cat Elective

ENST 365 - THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST
(Study Abroad course) This course explores the cultural and physical diversity of the American Southwest, including aspects of the region's history, geography, geology, art, and literature. Topics include Anasazi archaeological sites and contemporary American Indian cultures, Spanish colonization and contemporary Mexican-American culture, annexation into the United States and contemporary issues of urbanization, Colorado River allocation, and landscape preservation. It is recommended that students take the American Southwest Field Trip during Spring break in conjunction with this course.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
MJ-AMER-Amer. Regionalism, OLD GE-INTERCULT NORTH AMERICA

ENST 388 - CO-OP/INTERNSHIP ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
An academic program in which students are placed in work positions relevant to their academic majors and career goals. The program integrates academic work on-campus with supervised off-campus work experience in both the public and private sectors. Students may take up to two Co-ops in their academic career at Ramapo College. Students must be at least a Sophomore and have a 2.0 or better average to be eligible. Transfer students must have completed at least 16 credits at Ramapo.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Co-Op

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 390 - TOPICS:
The descriptions and topics of this course change from semester-to-semester, as well as from instructor-to-instructor. Look for specific descriptions of the individual offerings. Topics courses may serve as electives or fulfill other requirements, but cannot be double-counted within the Environmental Studies major. Prerequisite: varies with the topic offered. ENST 390 NATIVE PLANT LANDSCAPES. Native Plant Landscapes is a sustainable horticulture course that features the use of native plants in both the landscape industry and in the habitat restoration/re-vegetation ecosystems; with a new emerging discipline in the horticultural industry that involves sustainable techniques. There will be a review of permaculture, native plant gardens, low maintenance turf, use of meadows, rain gardens, wetland construction and restoration, invasive plants, re-vegetation of degraded sites, and habitat restoration. The course will follow the principles of right plant/right place with the use of native plants. ENST 390 CLIMATE CHANGE: An introduction to the issues of science, history, and national and international public policy that influence climate change, and an examination of its consequences. ENST 390 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT. An introduction to the theories and techniques of conserving and managing viable populations of game, non-game, and endangered species.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
SS-Sch Core-Sustainability

ENST 398 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation describes a transfer course from another institution where an equivalency to a Ramapo College course has not been determined. Upon convener evaluation, this course ID may be changed to an equivalent of a Ramapo College course or may fulfill a requirement.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 399 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation is used to describe a transfer course from another institution which has been evaluated by the convener. A course with this course number has no equivalent Ramapo course. It may fulfill a requirement or may count as a free elective.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 400 - INDEPENDENT STUDY: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Limited opportunities to enroll for course work on an Independent Study basis are available. A student interested in this option should obtain an Independent Study Registration Form from the Registrar, have it completed by the instructor and school dean involved, and return it to the Registrar's Office. Consult the current Schedule of Classes for policies concerning Independent Study.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Independent Study

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 405 - FOUND:SUSTAINABILITY THEORY

0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 410 - ENVIRONMENTAL SEMINAR
This capstone seminar has a different theme each time it is offered. All are interdisciplinary investigations in which each student contributes original research and insight, culminating in a major paper. Often the projects are coordinated through the Institute for Environmental Studies. Please see the instructor for a copy of the course syllabus for a particular term.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 411 - FOUNDATIONS:NATURAL RESOURCES

0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 414 - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
The final capstone course in Environmental Studies and an elective in Environmental Science, Environmental Assessment provides direct experience working on an Environmental Impact Assessment for a real project as part of a student consulting firm. The lecture portion of the class provides a conceptual and methodological overview of environmental and social impact assessment in the United States and abroad, using case studies to highlight the legal and procedural issues. Concurrent registration in the lab and lecture is required.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

Course Attributes:
WRITING INTENSIVE

ENST 418 - FIELD RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
This course is part of the capstone experience for the Environmental Studies major and minor and is a mandatory co-requisite with ENST 414 Environmental Assessment. ENST 418 Field Research in Environmental Assessment is the experiential field research component of these linked courses. Here, students working in teams as part of a student-run firm, actually carry out an EA project. Participants are expected to become fully involved in both the classroom and field components of the course. Lab Fee: $50.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Hybrid, Lecture, Online Course

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 498 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation describes a transfer course from another institution where an equivalency to a Ramapo College course has not been determined. Upon convener evaluation, this course ID may be changed to an equivalent of a Ramapo College course or may fulfill a requirement.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department

ENST 499 - TRANSFER ELECTIVE
This course designation is used to describe a transfer course from another institution which has been evaluated by the convener. A course with this course number has no equivalent Ramapo course. It may fulfill a requirement or may count as a free elective.
0.000 TO 4.000 Credit hours
0.000 TO 4.000 Lecture hours

Levels: Undergraduate
Schedule Types: Lecture

Environmental Studies Department


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